Elastic-fluid turbine.



PAT-NTBD 'JULY ad, 1907.

f1. G. RoBsTI. f ELASTIG PLUn TURBINE.

APPLIUATION FILED 1530.24, 190s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l l l l I l STAFF PAUL G. ROESTI, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

ELASTICI-FLUID TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 30, 1907.

Application filed December 24;, 1906. Serial No. 349.286.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL G. Ronsii, a citizen ofthe Rc public of Switzerland, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State o1' Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, oi which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, iorminga part thereof.

This invention relates more particularly to means lor assembling and holding the vanes in place.

The main objects of the invention are to facilitate assembling and securing the vanes of elastic fluid turbines exactly in their proper positions,'and generally to improve the construction and operation of devices of this class.

it consists in certain novel features oi construction and in the peculiar arrangement andcombination of parts as hereinaiter particularly described and pointed out in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawing, illustrating the elnbodiment of the invention in various'forms, lille characters designate the same parts in the several figures.

Figure l is a plan view of a section of a perforated vane spacing band forming a part of the vane fastening; Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2, Figs. 1 and 3; Fig. 3 is a radial cross section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2; Fig 4 is a section on the line 4 4, Figs. 2 and 6 Fig. 5` isa section on the line 5 5, Fig. 4 Fig. 6 is a side elevation and section on the line 6 6, Figs. 4 and 7, showing a number of assembled vanes with a portion of the finished vane supporting ring and a part of the rotating member of a turbine, the front clamping ring 'or piece being removed; Fig. 7 is a cross section on the line 7 7, Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a planvew of a piece of a vane spacing band of a modified form for solid vanes; Fig. 9 is a side elevation and section'on the line 9 9, Figs. 8 and 10, showing a number of assembled vanes and a portion oa partially formed vane supporting ring; Fig. 10 is a cross section on the line 10 10, Fig. 9; 'Fig 11 is a section on the line ll 11, Figs. 9 and 13; Fig. 12 is a section similar to that of Fig. -10 showing a modification; Fig. 13 is a' side elevation and section on the line 13 13, Figs. 11 and 14, showing a number oi assembled vanes withI a part of a finished vane supporting ring and a partei the rotary member of a turbine on which said ring is mounted; and Fig. 14 is a cross section on the line 14 14, Fig'. 13.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, a designates a perforated vane spacing and supportingv band which may be made of steel or other' suitable metal. The holes in this band are formed and spaced to correspond with the vane shanks and the desired spacing and position of the vanes. To provide amore extended bearing for the vane shanks and to hold them more iirmly and exactly in place while the cast metal backing is being formed, ears Iymay be left, as shown at the right in Fig. l, and bent at right angles to the band, es shown in Fig. 2.

These ears serve also to prevent the detachment ol the band a from the cast metal backing by centrifugal force or otherwise. Hollow vanes c which may be conveniently made from tubing or sheet metal, have their Shanks primarily fitted to the holes in the band a. The shanks of the vanes are made somewhat narrower than the bodies of the vanes to lorm shoulders at d, as clearly indicated in Figs. 3 and 5, which accurately determine I the extent to which the Shanks may be4 inserted through the band a. After the vanes have been inserted in the band a, their Shanks are spread, distorted or bent, as shown at the left in Fig. 2, and as indicated in Fig. 3 by the diverging dotted lines, or they are split and spread as indicated in Fig. 5, to prevent their withdrawal from the band. The band a is made in the form of a ring or in the form oi segments of a ring.

When the vanes have all been assembled in the band a and their shanks have been spread or bent to hold them therein, they are placed with the band in a mold,

and molten brass, aluminium or other suitable'mctal is poured into the mold to form a backing or filling e around and between the vane Shanks, next to the band. The vanes may be held firmly and-exactly in the proper relation to each other while the backing or filling e is being cast aroimd and between their Shanks, by brazing or soldering them to the band a, or by a jig clamp or other holding device which is afterwards removed. `Only the shanks of the hollow venes may be lled with the east metal, as shown at the extreme left in Fig. 2, or the vanes may be completely filled, as shown in connection with the second vane from the left in the same figure. AfterA removing the casting with the vanes from the mold when it has the form shown in Figs; 3 and 5, it is turned or machined to the form shown i Fig. 7, and formed in one orveach side with a should j: f, which intersects the edges of the vane Shanks. It fis now in readiness to be mounted upon or in the movable orstationary part of a turbine, and is clamped as shown in Fig. 7, between rings g and h formeitlswith grooves or recesses corresponding in shape with the finished backing or filling ring e.

Referring to Figs. 8 to 14 inclusive, showing the fastening means in connection with solid vanes, the metal band a is formed withholes as shown in Fig. 8, corresponding in shape with the cross section of the vane shanks and arranged and spaced to correspond with the desired spacing and position of the vanos.

The shanks of the solid vanes c are fitted and inserted as far'as they will go into the band a, the shanks being reduced in width to form shoulders at their junction with the vanes for determining the extent of the insertion of the vanes through the band. After insertion into place in the band, the vane shanks are flattened, as indicated by cross hatching at the extreme right in Fig. 8, or they may be twisted, split and spread, as shown in Fig. 12, or otherwise distorted or bont to prevent their withdrawal from the band while the backing er filling r is being east around them. The backing OY lilling ring or segment e is then turned down or faced. and is l'ornied with a shoulder on one or each side, as betere. One or more rows of vanes are then secured on the rotating member or in the casing of a turbine by clamping them between correspondingly groeved or recessed rings or parts. As shown in Figs. i3 and lil, the shouldered Shanks ol' two sets of vanes with their eorlespondingl y shouldered cast inetal'backing or lilling rings c, are clamped and held between correspondingly shaped rings i, fitted and mounted on the drinn j ol an axial llow turbine. The edges ol the nieta] bands a project on each side beyond the cast backing or filling rings or segments e and are beveled to engage with corr(spendingly shaped and undercut grooves in l the clamping rings t', as shown in Fig. i4, to resist centrifugal force and prevent detachment ol' the bands ironi their castbaeking rings or segments.

As shown in Figs. l, 4, 8 and 1l, the holes -n the retaining bands are punched or formed at such an angle as will secure the proper ratio between the inlet and exhaust openings of the passages between the venes. For turbines of the impulse or action type, the vanos may be of synnnetii `al forni and set at such an angle as indicated by the line x x, Fig. 4, as will produce an increasing area in the passages between the vanes roin i the inlet vlto the exhaust.

'Various changes in minor details of construction may 3() be inade to adapt the fastenings herein shown and described to the movable and stationary lneinhers of turbines ol' various kinds, without departing freni the principle and intended scope el the invention.

l elainr:

in an elastic lluid turbine the combination of a metal band haw'ine; holes l'orined and spaced to eolrcpont'l Awith the vane shanks and the desired spacing' and position of the vaines. vanes havingtheir Shanks fitted and inserted in said holes and distorted to retain them hi place therein and a haekinpr of east metal Illling 'the spaces between the vane shanks, substantially as described.

2. ln an elastic lluid turbine the combination of a metal band havingA holes formed and spaced to correspond with the shanks and the desired spacing and position of the varies, vanes having their shanks litted and inserted in said holes and distorted to retain theni in place therein, and a haekine; of cast metal filling the spaces lbetween the vanes and termed with a retaining shoulder intersecting the vane shanks, substantially as described.

2i. in an elastitI Iluid turbine the combination of a metal band havnn;A holes formed and spaced to eorresponcbwith the vane Shanks and the desired spacin"Y and position 0i. l

the vanes. vanes having' their Shanks lfitted and inserted in said holes and distorted te retain them in place therein, a casi metal lmckinel lilling the spaces between the vane shanks and formed on the sides withv retaining shoulders intersecting' the edges of the'vane shrinks, substantially as described.

l. In an elastic Iluid turbine the combination of a metal band having' holes formed and spaced to correspond with the vane shanks and the desired spacingr and position of the Yanes, vanes having; their shanks litted and linserted in said holes and distorted to retain thein in place therein, a hacking el' cast 1neta1 faced on opposite sides and formed with a retaininnr shoulder intersectin;Y the vane shrinks', and rings or plaies between which said backing with the vane shanlfsis clamped and held, snbstautiallylas described. y

In an elastic llnid turbine the combination of a metal band having holes formed therein and spared to correspond with the vane shanks and the desired spacing and position of thevanes, hollow vanes havin: their Shanks itted and inserted in said holes and a backing of cast metal illing the spaces between and the openings within the varie Shanks, substantially as described. 1n witness whereof I hereto ailix my signature in presence olf two Witnesses. y

I AUL G. ROESTI.

Witnesses Clins. L. Goss, Amer) E. Goss. 

